In contrast to traditional buildings, steel - structured buildings are a new type of construction. The whole building is made of steel. The structure mainly includes steel beams, columns, trusses, and other parts made from section steel and steel plates. The connections between parts are made by welding, bolts, or rivets. Thanks to their lightweight and simple structures, they are widely used in large - scale factories, stadiums, super - high - rise buildings, and other fields. The types of steel - structured buildings include the portal rigid frame, frame structure, truss structure, and grid structure.
Features and applications of standard types of steel - structured buildings:
The portal - frame structure has a simple stress state, a distinct force - transmission path, and a fast construction pace. It is extensively used in industrial and civil buildings, for example, industrial plants, commercial buildings, cultural facilities, and entertainment - oriented public facilities.
Steel - structured frame buildings are very flexible and can form larger interior spaces. They are often used in multi - story and high - rise buildings like commercial office buildings, shopping malls, and conference centers.
The steel - truss structure uses small - cross - section tubes to form larger - cross - section components. It is often applied in industrial and civil buildings with large spans or great heights, such as large - span roofs, bridges, towers, and offshore oil production platforms.
The steel - grid structure is a high - order statically indeterminate spatial structure composed of many rods arranged in a certain pattern. It has low spatial stress, a light weight, high rigidity, and excellent seismic - resistant performance. It can be used in structures such as gymnasiums, exhibition halls, gas stations, and aircraft hangars.
